Deep-Sea Guide
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substrate composition
substrate composition
hydrothermal alteration
hydrothermal crust
mixed substrate
rock
clastic rock
dropstone
igneous rock
ophiolite
plutonic rock
diabase
diorite
gabbro
granite
granodiorite
pegmatite
peridotite
volcanic rock
basaltic lava
alkalic basalt
basalt
benmoreite
hawaiite
mugearite
picrite
tholeiite
trachyte
limu o Pele
pepperite
silicic volcanic
andesite
basaltic andesite
dacite
rhyolite
volcanic glass
glass inclusion
volcaniclastic rock
ash
hyaloclastite
pumice
scoria
spatter
tephra
volcanic breccia
volcanic mudstone
volcanic sandstone
volcanic siltstone
volcaniclastite
metamorphic rock
amphibolite
argillite
gneiss
greenstone
marble
metagraywacke
metavolcanic
quartzite
schist
shale
slate
mineral
amphibole
apatite
biotite
carbonate mineral
aragonite
calcite
low magnesium calcite
chlorite
chromite
clinopyroxene
dolomite
dunite
epidote
feldspar
galena
gypsum
hematite
high magnesium calcite
hornblende
ilmenite
iron oxide
magnetite
manganese oxide
mica
nontronite
olivine
orthoclase
orthopyroxene
plagioclase
pyroxene
quartz
rutile
silica
silicate
smectite
spinel
sulfate mineral
anhydrite
barite
sulfide mineral
chalcopyrite
marcasite
pyrite
pyrrhotite
sphalerite
sulfide
sulfur
talc
zeolite
zircon
sedimentary rock
breccia
carbonate
authigenic carbonate
biogenic carbonate
carbonate sandstone
reef coral
rhodolith
chert
claystone
conglomerate
detrital
gas hydrate
carbon dioxide hydrate
methane hydrate
graywacke
manganese crust
mineral deposit
Monterey formation
mudstone
phosphorite
porcellanite
Purisima Formation
radiolarite
salt
sandstone
Arkosic sandstone
siltstone
Vaqueros Formation
xenolith
iherzolite
sediment
clay
hydrothermal clay
cobble
hydrothermal sediment and bacterial floc mixture
mud
pebble
ponded sediment
sand
shell hash
small perforated disks
volcaniclastic sediment
water
benthic boundary layer
oxygen minimum zone
sunlit water
surface water
vent fluid
